Every year, more than 300 million people, including 60 million children, are affected by conflict or natural disaster. In 2007 the UN launched its greatest ever number of ‘flash appeals’ in one year – 14, in response to climate-change related disasters alone. ActionAid responds to 7-8 medium or large scale emergencies every month. Children are especially vulnerable in emergencies. They may lose their homes, parents and education, and can also be exposed to disease, malnutrition and violence. They may also be left with psychological trauma long after the crisis has subsided.

The effect of the failed rains in northern Kenya has decreased the amount of available pasture for livestock and water levels in lakes and dams are perilously low or non-existent. Failed harvests have resulted in households facing food shortages which are further exacerbated by rising food prices in the country and the effects of post election violence.